Computer Science

Explanation 1 mark

State the name of the type of primary memory that stores the start-up instructions a computer needs when it is first switched on.

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Explanation 1 mark

Give one example of a device, other than a washing machine, that contains an embedded system.

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State the name of the register that holds the address of the memory location the CPU is about to read from or write to.

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State the purpose of cache memory in a CPU.

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Identify the category of secondary storage that a hard disk drive (HDD) belongs to.

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Explanation 2 marks

A digital bathroom scale measures a person's weight and shows the result on a small display. Explain why the bathroom scale is an example of an emb...

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Explanation 2 marks

A domestic washing machine has a built-in microprocessor that runs the wash programme selected by the user. Explain why the washing machine is an e...

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Explanation 3 marks

A laptop runs several applications at the same time. Explain why the laptop needs random access memory (RAM).

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Explanation 3 marks

A desktop computer with a Von Neumann architecture has a central processing unit (CPU) that contains a control unit (CU). Describe the role of the ...

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Identify the type of secondary storage medium that a Blu-ray disc is an example of.

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Explanation 2 marks

A gaming laptop has a quad-core processor. Describe what is meant by a core.

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Explanation 4 marks

At the end of each day a public library backs up its catalogue database onto a writable DVD. Describe how the data is written to the DVD.

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Explanation 4 marks

A video editor complains that their computer is too slow when rendering videos. Explain two ways that the performance of the computer's CPU could b...

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Explanation 1 mark

Give the name of the programming construct shown in the pseudocode.

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State the name of the string function used to return the number of characters stored in a string variable.

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Explanation 1 mark

State the purpose of this algorithm.

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Give the name of the type of iteration (loop) shown in this pseudocode.

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State the most suitable data type for the variable Distance.

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Write a line of pseudocode that opens the text file Results.txt so that data can be written to it.

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State the data type most suitable for storing the price of an item, such as 4.65.

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Give the name of the type of iteration shown in the pseudocode.

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Explanation 1 mark

State the name given to Score in the procedure header PROCEDURE PrintBadge(Score : INTEGER).

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Explanation 2 marks

State the reason why the algorithm does not work as expected and explain how the algorithm could be corrected. Any code used must be fully explained.

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Explanation 2 marks

Write a pseudocode statement to set the final cost of the booking to 2 decimal places. You do not need to rewrite the whole algorithm.

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Explanation 2 marks

Complete the structured query language (SQL) statement to display only the names of the members who have not paid their subscription. Explain the f...

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Explanation 2 marks

Write the pseudocode to input the number of new books and to use the procedure AddBooks. A variable declaration is not required.

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Explanation 2 marks

A membership number is entered by a member of staff. Describe one verification method that could be applied to the input of the membership number.

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Explanation 3 marks

Explain how you could modify the pseudocode to validate that each mark entered is between 0 and 100 inclusive. Any code must be fully explained.

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Explanation 3 marks

Give the output that would be produced by the structured query language (SQL) statement.

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Explanation 3 marks

Describe the processes carried out by the algorithm.

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Explanation 3 marks

Write the pseudocode to implement a range-check validation on the age entered. You do not need to rewrite the whole algorithm.

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Explanation 3 marks

Complete the structured query language (SQL) statement to list the equipment currently on loan. The list must contain only the titles and the names...

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Explanation 3 marks

Identify the line numbers of the three errors in the pseudocode and suggest a correction for each error.

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Explanation 4 marks

Describe the logic circuit you would draw for the given logic expression. Each logic gate must have a maximum of two inputs and the expression must...

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Explanation 4 marks

Write the procedure Convert(TotalGrams) in pseudocode. It takes a number of grams as a parameter, converts it into whole kilograms and the remainin...

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Explanation 4 marks

Complete the pseudocode for PROCEDURE AddBooks so that it stores the data for a number of new books at the start of the 2D array Books[].

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Explanation 4 marks

Explain why the search algorithm may not always give the expected results, and explain how it could be improved so that it is more likely to find t...

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Explanation 4 marks

Write the pseudocode required to declare and initialise the array AirportCode[].

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Explanation 4 marks

Complete a structure diagram for the given parts of the online food-ordering system. Explain the sub-systems your structure diagram would contain.

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Explanation 4 marks

Complete the SQL statement to list only the species, family and lifespan of all garden birds whose typical lifespan is at least 4 years, sorted in ...

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Explanation 4 marks

Write an algorithm in pseudocode to input the number of adult foot passengers and child foot passengers for a ferry booking, calculate the total co...

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Explanation 4 marks

Explain how the algorithm could be changed so that it repeatedly asks for the number of adult foot passengers if the number input is less than 1. A...

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Explanation 4 marks

Write an algorithm in pseudocode to read a line of text from the file Scores.txt and store this line in the variable NextScore.

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Explanation 4 marks

Identify the line numbers of the four errors in the pseudocode and suggest a correction for each error.

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Explanation 5 marks

Write an algorithm in pseudocode to input the number of adult and child tickets, calculate the total cost of the tickets applying a group discount ...

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Explanation 5 marks

Write pseudocode statements to define the procedure StoreScore with the parameter Score, and store the value of the score in the file Results.txt.

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Explanation 5 marks

Identify the line numbers of five errors in the pseudocode and suggest a correction for each error.

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Explanation 6 marks

Write the algorithm in pseudocode to input a name, search the array MemberList for that name, and output the position at which it is found, or outp...

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Explanation 6 marks

Write the pseudocode for an algorithm that inputs a password and checks whether it contains a # symbol, then outputs a suitable message with the re...

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Explanation 15 marks

Write a program in pseudocode (with comments) that inputs and validates the round scores for each competitor in a quiz league, calculates each comp...

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Explanation 15 marks

Write a program (with comments) that spins an 8-segment spinner 80 000 times, counts how often each segment is landed on, sorts the counts into des...

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Explanation 15 marks

Write a program in pseudocode (with comments) that inputs and validates the names of two players, generates 50 random whole numbers between 1 and 6...

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Explanation 1 mark

State the number of bits in a nibble.

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Explanation 1 mark

Give the hexadecimal number that represents the denary number 26.

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Explanation 1 mark

Give one character set that can be used to represent text characters as binary values.

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Explanation 3 marks

A student types a message using an on-screen keyboard in a chat application. Explain how the characters the student types are converted to binary s...

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Explanation 1 mark

State the name of the register in the CPU that stores the address of the next instruction to be fetched from memory.

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Explanation 5 marks

A computer with a Von Neumann architecture has just fetched an instruction into the CPU. Explain how that instruction is then decoded and executed.

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Explanation 1 mark

State the name of the method of data transmission in which data can only ever travel in one direction.

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Explanation 1 mark

State the name of the data transmission method in which data can travel in both directions, but in only one direction at a time.

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Explanation 1 mark

State what the abbreviation ARQ stands for in error detection.

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Give the name of the final section of a packet, which can contain error-checking data.

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Explanation 1 mark

State one benefit of using serial transmission rather than parallel transmission to send data over a long distance.

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Explanation 1 mark

State the name of the error detection method that adds an extra bit to each byte so that the number of 1s matches an agreed odd or even parity.

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Explanation 2 marks

A games controller is connected to a console using a universal serial bus (USB) connection. Explain how data is sent from the controller to the con...

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Explanation 2 marks

A film is streamed from a cloud server to a smart television. The received data is checked for errors. Explain how errors may occur in the data dur...

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Explanation 3 marks

A photograph is uploaded to a cloud server and an echo check is used to check for errors. Explain how the echo check would detect any errors in the...

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Explanation 4 marks

Inside a computer, data is sent between two internal components using parallel half-duplex data transmission. Explain how data is transmitted using...

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Explanation 4 marks

Two people take part in a video call, sending video and audio data to each other at the same time. This uses serial full-duplex data transmission. ...

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Explanation 5 marks

A lecture hall has a single microphone on the stage that is connected by a long cable to several loudspeakers around the hall. A person speaks into...

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Explanation 1 mark

Give one example of an event that would generate a software interrupt.

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Explanation 4 marks

A printer sends an interrupt to the CPU when it has run out of paper. The interrupt is placed in a queue. Explain how the interrupt is serviced aft...

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Explanation 1 mark

Identify the translator that converts a whole program written in a high-level language into machine code before the program is run.

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Explanation 1 mark

State the name of the translator that converts a whole high-level language program into machine code before the program is run.

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Explanation 1 mark

Give the name of the language, made up of binary instructions, that a processor can execute directly.

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Explanation 1 mark

State the type of low-level language that is written using mnemonics such as LDA and ADD.

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Explanation 2 marks

A mobile game is written in a high-level language, but part of it is written in a low-level language. Explain one difference between a high-level l...

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Explanation 2 marks

A programmer writes the control program for a washing machine using assembly language. Describe what is meant by assembly language.

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Explanation 3 marks

A developer is writing and testing a new program in a high-level language. Explain why using an interpreter would be more appropriate than a compil...

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Explanation 1 mark

State the type of file that a cookie is stored as on a user's computer.

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Explanation 2 marks

A shopping website uses both session cookies and persistent cookies. Explain one difference between a session cookie and a persistent cookie.

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Explanation 1 mark

Identify the form of social engineering in which a fake email that appears to come from a trusted organisation tricks a user into revealing their l...

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Explanation 1 mark

State the name of the security solution that monitors the traffic entering and leaving a network and can block unauthorised access.

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Explanation 1 mark

Give the name of the type of attack in which a hacker systematically tries every possible combination of characters to discover a password.

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Explanation 3 marks

A cyber security company runs an awareness campaign about social engineering. Describe what is meant by social engineering and include one example ...

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Explanation 4 marks

A software company wants its employees to understand how criminals use phishing. Describe the process of phishing.

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Explanation 6 marks

An online banking service wants to make it harder for hackers to gain access to customers' accounts. Identify two security solutions the service co...

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Explanation 1 mark

State who assigns the media access control (MAC) address to a network-enabled device.

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Explanation 1 mark

Give the name of the output component that a microprocessor sends a signal to when it needs to physically switch a device on or off.

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Explanation 2 marks

The smart doorbell is an example of an embedded system. Explain why the smart doorbell is an embedded system.

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Explanation 2 marks

Some of the pizza restaurant's customers are elderly. Explain one drawback to these customers of robots being used to deliver their food.

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Explanation 2 marks

A pizza restaurant uses robots to deliver pizzas to homes in the local area. Explain one benefit to the restaurant of using robots to deliver its p...

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Explanation 3 marks

In a football video game, the computer-controlled players use AI. Explain how the AI can be used to improve the movements and actions of the comput...

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Explanation 3 marks

The pizza delivery robots have artificial intelligence (AI). Give three ways the robots could make use of AI.

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Explanation 3 marks

A smart doorbell has a camera and can send a video feed to a phone, but it cannot be described as a robot. Explain why the smart doorbell is not a ...

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Explanation 3 marks

A warehouse uses robots to move boxes of stock between shelves. Describe the characteristics of a robot.

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Explanation 3 marks

A greenhouse uses a temperature sensor and a microprocessor to keep the air at a constant temperature. The sensor continuously sends data to the mi...

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Explanation 3 marks

A car uses artificial intelligence (AI) to help it drive itself. Describe what is meant by AI.

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Explanation 4 marks

A smart doorbell has machine learning capabilities and is used to recognise the faces of family members. Explain how the smart doorbell can use mac...

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Explanation 1 mark

Give the name of the type of attack in which many compromised computers flood a web server with requests at the same time.

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Explanation 3 marks

A busy news website is protected by a proxy server to help prevent DDoS attacks reaching its web server. Describe how the proxy server can stop a D...

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